// px-icon: rasterizes an inline SVG (light DOM, source of truth) onto a
// shared art-pixel grid, rendered into shadow DOM (generated output).
//
// Why shadow DOM: idiomorph/Datastar morphs diff the live DOM against
// server HTML by walking childNodes, which does not include shadow trees.
// Keeping the raw <svg> in light DOM and the raster in shadow DOM means
// server-driven morphs can freely update/preserve the source icon without
// ever touching or being fought by the generated output. No ignore-morph
// markers needed.
//
// Config (ap size, downsample mode) comes from CSS custom properties so it
// cascades normally: --pxicon-ap-size, --pxicon-mode ('average' | 'point').

const DEFAULT_AP_SIZE = 8;
const DEFAULT_MODE = 'average';
const SUPERSAMPLE = 8; // per grid cell, for point-sample mode

// key -> Promise<HTMLCanvasElement> (the small pre-upscale grid raster)
const rasterCache = new Map();

function hashString(str) {
  // fast non-crypto hash (FNV-1a), fine for a cache key over short svg markup
  let h = 0x811c9dc5;
  for (let i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
    h ^= str.charCodeAt(i);
    h = Math.imul(h, 0x01000193);
  }
  return (h >>> 0).toString(36);
}

function snapToGrid(px, apPx) {
  return Math.max(apPx, Math.round(px / apPx) * apPx);
}

function svgToImage(svgMarkup) {
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    const blob = new Blob([svgMarkup], { type: 'image/svg+xml' });
    const url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
    const img = new Image();
    img.onload = () => { URL.revokeObjectURL(url); resolve(img); };
    img.onerror = (e) => { URL.revokeObjectURL(url); reject(e); };
    img.src = url;
  });
}

function areaAverageDownsample(img, gridW, gridH) {
  const canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
  canvas.width = gridW;
  canvas.height = gridH;
  const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
  ctx.imageSmoothingEnabled = true;
  ctx.imageSmoothingQuality = 'high';
  ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0, gridW, gridH);
  return canvas;
}

function pointSampleDownsample(img, gridW, gridH) {
  const bufW = gridW * SUPERSAMPLE;
  const bufH = gridH * SUPERSAMPLE;

  const buf = document.createElement('canvas');
  buf.width = bufW;
  buf.height = bufH;
  const bctx = buf.getContext('2d', { willReadFrequently: true });
  bctx.imageSmoothingEnabled = true;
  bctx.imageSmoothingQuality = 'high';
  bctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0, bufW, bufH);

  let srcData;
  try {
    srcData = bctx.getImageData(0, 0, bufW, bufH);
  } catch (e) {
    // tainted canvas (cross-origin source without CORS headers); caller
    // falls back to area-average
    throw e;
  }

  const gridCanvas = document.createElement('canvas');
  gridCanvas.width = gridW;
  gridCanvas.height = gridH;
  const gctx = gridCanvas.getContext('2d');
  const out = gctx.createImageData(gridW, gridH);

  for (let gy = 0; gy < gridH; gy++) {
    for (let gx = 0; gx < gridW; gx++) {
      const sx = Math.min(bufW - 1, Math.floor((gx + 0.5) * SUPERSAMPLE));
      const sy = Math.min(bufH - 1, Math.floor((gy + 0.5) * SUPERSAMPLE));
      const si = (sy * bufW + sx) * 4;
      const di = (gy * gridW + gx) * 4;
      out.data[di] = srcData.data[si];
      out.data[di + 1] = srcData.data[si + 1];
      out.data[di + 2] = srcData.data[si + 2];
      out.data[di + 3] = srcData.data[si + 3];
    }
  }
  gctx.putImageData(out, 0, 0);
  return gridCanvas;
}

// Returns a cached Promise<HTMLCanvasElement> for the small grid raster,
// coalescing concurrent requests for the same key.
function getGridRaster(svgMarkup, mode, gridW, gridH) {
  const key = `${hashString(svgMarkup)}|${mode}|${gridW}x${gridH}`;
  let entry = rasterCache.get(key);
  if (entry) return entry;

  entry = svgToImage(svgMarkup).then((img) => {
    let raster;
    if (mode === 'point') {
      try {
        raster = pointSampleDownsample(img, gridW, gridH);
      } catch (e) {
        raster = areaAverageDownsample(img, gridW, gridH);
      }
    } else {
      raster = areaAverageDownsample(img, gridW, gridH);
    }
    return raster;
  });
  rasterCache.set(key, entry);
  return entry;
}

class PxIcon extends HTMLElement {
  connectedCallback() {
    if (!this._upgraded) {
      this._upgraded = true;
      this._upgrade();
    }
    // (Re)start watching the light-dom source for server-driven changes,
    // e.g. a morph swapping in a different icon.
    this._observer ??= new MutationObserver(() => this._scheduleRender());
    this._observer.observe(this, { childList: true, subtree: true, attributes: true, characterData: true });
    this._scheduleRender();
  }

  disconnectedCallback() {
    this._observer?.disconnect();
    this._resizeObserver?.disconnect();
  }

  _upgrade() {
    const root = this.attachShadow({ mode: 'open' });
    const style = document.createElement('style');
    style.textContent = `
      :host { display: inline-block; width: 1.5em; height: 1.5em; line-height: 0; }
      canvas { display: block; width: 100%; height: 100%; image-rendering: pixelated; }
    `;
    root.appendChild(style);

    // Progressive enhancement: keep the light-dom svg visible through a
    // <slot> until the first raster is ready, so there is no flash of
    // empty content while the rasterization is in flight.
    const slot = document.createElement('slot');
    root.appendChild(slot);

    this._canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
    this._shadowRoot = root;
    this._slot = slot;

    this._resizeObserver = new ResizeObserver(() => this._scheduleRender());
    this._resizeObserver.observe(this);
  }

  _scheduleRender() {
    // Batch bursts of mutations/resizes into a single render on the next
    // frame, rather than re-rasterizing once per mutation record.
    if (this._renderQueued) return;
    this._renderQueued = true;
    requestAnimationFrame(() => {
      this._renderQueued = false;
      this._render();
    });
  }

  async _render() {
    const svgEl = this.querySelector('svg');
    if (!svgEl) return;

    const cs = getComputedStyle(this);
    const apSize = parseFloat(cs.getPropertyValue('--pxicon-ap-size')) || DEFAULT_AP_SIZE;
    const mode = (cs.getPropertyValue('--pxicon-mode') || DEFAULT_MODE).trim();

    const displaySize = Math.max(this.clientWidth, this.clientHeight) || 24;
    const snapped = snapToGrid(displaySize, apSize);
    const gridW = Math.max(1, Math.round(snapped / apSize));
    const gridH = gridW;

    const svgMarkup = svgEl.outerHTML;
    const key = `${svgMarkup}|${mode}|${gridW}x${gridH}`;
    if (this._lastKey === key) return; // nothing actually changed
    this._lastKey = key;

    // debug-only: --pxicon-debug-delay lets demos/tests prove the
    // slot stays visible while rasterization is genuinely in flight,
    // rather than faking it with a CSS transition
    const debugDelay = parseFloat(cs.getPropertyValue('--pxicon-debug-delay')) || 0;
    if (debugDelay > 0) await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, debugDelay));

    const gridCanvas = await getGridRaster(svgMarkup, mode, gridW, gridH);

    const dpr = window.devicePixelRatio || 1;
    const backingSize = Math.round(snapped * dpr);
    this._canvas.width = backingSize;
    this._canvas.height = backingSize;
    const ctx = this._canvas.getContext('2d');
    ctx.imageSmoothingEnabled = false;
    ctx.clearRect(0, 0, backingSize, backingSize);
    ctx.drawImage(gridCanvas, 0, 0, backingSize, backingSize);

    if (this._slot.isConnected) {
      // first successful raster: swap the placeholder slot for the
      // canvas, which stops rendering the light-dom svg (no <slot>
      // pointing at it anymore) and shows the raster instead
      this._shadowRoot.replaceChild(this._canvas, this._slot);
    }
  }
}

customElements.define('px-icon', PxIcon);

export { PxIcon, rasterCache };